Battle of Diwer : हल्दीघाटी के बाद का इतिहास

क्या आपने कभी पढ़ा है कि हल्दीघाटी के बाद अगले १० साल में मेवाड़ में क्या हुआ..इतिहास से जो पन्ने हटा दिए गए हैं उन्हें वापस संकलित करना ही होगा क्यूंकि वही हिन्दू रेजिस्टेंस और शौर्य के प्रतीक हैं. इतिहास में तो ये भी नहीं पढ़ाया गया है की हल्दीघाटी युद्ध में जब महाराणा प्रताप ने कुंवर मानसिंह के हाथी पर जब प्रहार किया तो शाही फ़ौज पांच छह कोस दूर तक भाग गई थी और अकबर के आने की अफवाह से पुनः युद्ध में सम्मिलित हुई है. ये वाकया अबुल फज़ल की पुस्तक अकबरनामा में दर्ज है.

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क्या हल्दी घाटी अलग से एक युद्ध था..या एक बड़े युद्ध की छोटी सी घटनाओं में से बस एक शुरूआती घटना..महाराणा प्रताप को इतिहासकारों ने हल्दीघाटी तक ही सिमित करके मेवाड़ के इतिहास के साथ बहुत बड़ा अन्याय किया है. वास्तविकता में हल्दीघाटी का युद्ध , महाराणा प्रताप और मुगलो के बीच हुए कई युद्धों की शुरुआत भर था. मुग़ल न तो प्रताप को पकड़ सके और न ही मेवाड़ पर अधिपत्य जमा सके. हल्दीघाटी के बाद क्या हुआ वो हम बताते हैं.

हल्दी घाटी के युद्ध के बाद महाराणा के पास सिर्फ 7000 सैनिक ही बचे थे..और कुछ ही समय में मुगलों का कुम्भलगढ़, गोगुंदा , उदयपुर और आसपास के ठिकानों पर अधिकार हो गया था. उस स्थिति में महाराणा ने “गुरिल्ला युद्ध” की योजना बनायीं और मुगलों को कभी भी मेवाड़ में सेटल नहीं होने दिया. महराणा के शौर्य से विचलित अकबर ने उनको दबाने के लिए 1576 में हुए हल्दीघाटी के बाद भी हर साल 1577 से 1582 के बीच एक एक लाख के सैन्यबल भेजे जो कि महाराणा को झुकाने में नाकामयाब रहे.

हल्दीघाटी युद्ध के पश्चात् महाराणा प्रताप के खजांची भामाशाह और उनके भाई ताराचंद मालवा से दंड के पच्चीस लाख रुपये और दो हज़ार अशर्फिया लेकर हाज़िर हुए. इस घटना के बाद महाराणा प्रताप ने भामाशाह का बहुत सम्मान किया और दिवेर पर हमले की योजना बनाई। भामाशाह ने जितना धन महाराणा को राज्य की सेवा के लिए दिया उस से 25 हज़ार सैनिकों को 12 साल तक रसद दी जा सकती थी. बस फिर क्या था..महाराणा ने फिर से अपनी सेना संगठित करनी शुरू की और कुछ ही समय में 40000 लडाकों की एक शक्तिशाली सेना तैयार हो गयी.

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उसके बाद शुरू हुआ हल्दीघाटी युद्ध का दूसरा भाग जिसको इतिहास से एक षड्यंत्र के तहत या तो हटा दिया गया है या एकदम दरकिनार कर दिया गया है. इसे बैटल ऑफ़ दिवेर कहा गया गया है.

बात सन १५८२ की है, विजयदशमी का दिन था और महराणा ने अपनी नयी संगठित सेना के साथ मेवाड़ को वापस स्वतंत्र कराने का प्रण लिया. उसके बाद सेना को दो हिस्सों में विभाजित करके युद्ध का बिगुल फूंक दिया..एक टुकड़ी की कमान स्वंय महाराणा के हाथ थी दूसरी टुकड़ी का नेतृत्व उनके पुत्र अमर सिंह कर रहे थे. कर्नल टॉड ने भी अपनी किताब में हल्दीघाटी को Thermopylae of Mewar और दिवेर के युद्ध को राजस्थान का मैराथन बताया है. ये वही घटनाक्रम हैं जिनके इर्द गिर्द आप फिल्म 300 देख चुके हैं. कर्नल टॉड ने भी महाराणा और उनकी सेना के शौर्य, तेज और देश के प्रति उनके अभिमान को स्पार्टन्स के तुल्य ही बताया है जो युद्ध भूमि में अपने से 4 गुना बड़ी सेना से यूँ ही टकरा जाते थे.

दिवेर का युद्ध बड़ा भीषण था, महाराणा प्रताप की सेना ने महाराजकुमार अमर सिंह के नेतृत्व में दिवेर थाने पर हमला किया , हज़ारो की संख्या में मुग़ल, राजपूती तलवारो बरछो भालो और कटारो से बींध दिए गए। युद्ध में महाराजकुमार अमरसिंह ने सुलतान खान मुग़ल को बरछा मारा जो सुल्तान खान और उसके घोड़े को काटता हुआ निकल गया.उसी युद्ध में एक अन्य राजपूत की तलवार एक हाथी पर लगी और उसका पैर काट कर निकल गई। महाराणा प्रताप ने बहलेखान मुगल के सर पर वार किया और तलवार से उसे घोड़े समेत काट दिया। शौर्य की ये बानगी इतिहास में कहीं देखने को नहीं मिलती है. उसके बाद यह कहावत बनी की मेवाड़ में सवार को एक ही वार में घोड़े समेत काट दिया जाता है.ये घटनाये मुगलो को भयभीत करने के लिए बहुत थी। बचे खुचे ३६००० मुग़ल सैनिकों ने महाराणा के सामने आत्म समर्पण किया. दिवेर के युद्ध ने मुगलो का मनोबल इस तरह तोड़ दिया की जिसके परिणाम स्वरुप मुगलों को मेवाड़ में बनायीं अपनी सारी 36 थानों, ठिकानों को छोड़ के भागना पड़ा, यहाँ तक की जब मुगल कुम्भलगढ़ का किला तक रातो रात खाली कर भाग गए.

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दिवेर के युद्ध के बाद प्रताप ने गोगुन्दा , कुम्भलगढ़ , बस्सी, चावंड , जावर , मदारिया , मोही , माण्डलगढ़ जैसे महत्त्वपूर्ण ठिकानो पर कब्ज़ा कर लिया। इसके बाद भी महाराणा और उनकी सेना ने अपना अभियान जारी रखते हुए सिर्फ चित्तौड़ कोछोड़ के मेवाड़ के सारे ठिकाने/दुर्ग वापस स्वतंत्र करा लिए.

अधिकांश मेवाड़ को पुनः कब्जाने के बाद महाराणा प्रताप ने आदेश निकाला की अगर कोई एक बिस्वा जमीन भी खेती करके मुसलमानो को हासिल (टैक्स) देगा , उसका सर काट दिया जायेगा। इसके बाद मेवाड़ और आस पास के बचे खुचे शाही ठिकानो पर रसद पूरी सुरक्षा के साथ अजमेर से मगाई जाती थी.

दिवेर का युद्ध न केवल महाराणा प्रताप बल्कि मुगलो के इतिहास में भी बहुत निर्णायक रहा। मुट्ठी भर राजपूतो ने पुरे भारतीय उपमहाद्वीप पर राज करने वाले मुगलो के ह्रदय में भय भर दिया। दिवेर के युद्ध ने मेवाड़ में अकबर की विजय के सिलसिले पर न सिर्फ विराम लगा दिया बल्कि मुगलो में ऐसे भय का संचार कर दिया की अकबर के समय में मेवाड़ पर बड़े आक्रमण लगभग बंद हो गए.

इस घटना से क्रोधित अकबर ने हर साल लाखों सैनिकों के सैन्य बल अलग अलग सेनापतियों के नेतृत्व में मेवाड़ भेजने जारी रखे लेकिन उसे कोई सफलता नहीं मिली. अकबर खुद 6 महीने मेवाड़ पर चढ़ाई करने के मकसद से मेवाड़ के आस पास डेरा डाले रहा लेकिन ये महराणा द्वारा बहलोल खान को उसके घोड़े समेत आधा चीर देने के ही डर था कि वो सीधे तौर पे कभी मेवाड़ पे चढ़ाई करने नहीं आया.

ये इतिहास के वो पन्ने हैं जिनको दरबारी इतिहासकारों ने जानबूझ कर पाठ्यक्रम से गायब कर दिया है. जिन्हें अब वापस करने का प्रयास किया जा रहा है.

लेखक : अजी हाँ (@AjiHaaan ) और नीरज (@neerajs)

93 Comments

  1. भरतभाई बी बरासरा
    November 26, 2017 - 5:50 am

    सही इतिहास की ओर पूरा देश सहमत है असली इतिहास का अध्ययन और अनुसंधान करके प्रचार करते रहना चाहिए

  2. Nick
    May 9, 2018 - 12:20 pm

    Source of this article ? – looks like you guys living in fantasy world, get the facts right.

    will give you a start – Battle of haldi ghati – Maharana Prataps Army – about 4000

    Mansinghs Army – about 10000 – ( most were rajputs of Akbar own army in this battle consisted of about 2000)

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