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1984 दंगो में कांग्रेस नेता सज्जन कुमार को सजा

December 17, 2018

देश के तत्कालीन राष्ट्रपति ज्ञानी जैल सिंह अपनी उत्तरी यमन की यात्रा को अधूरा छोड़कर फौरन भारत के लिए रवाना हो चुके थे. दिल्ली पहुँचकर उनकी मंज़िल थी दिल्ली स्थिति अखिल भारतीय आयुर्विज्ञान संस्थान (एम्स). राष्ट्रपति का पूरा काफिला तेज़ी से एम्स की ओर बढ़ रहा था. आरके पुरम के सामने हाथ में मशाल लिए कुछ लोग काफिले के सामने आ गए. उन्होने काफिले पर हमला कर दिया. जैल सिंह यह समझ चुके थे कि यह क्यों हुआ है. ज्ञानी जैल सिंह के ड्राइवर ने किसी तरह उनको वहां से निकाला और एम्स तक पहुँचाया. परंतु वहाँ जैल सिंह को और बड़ा झटका लगा. एम्स के बाहर हज़ारों लोगों की भीड़ थी. उनके सुरक्षाकर्मियों ने किसी तरह उनको अंदर पहुंचाया. यह समय था 1984 सिख विरोधी दंगों का, जब देश जल उठा था.

31 अक्टूबर 1984 को तत्कालीन प्रधानमंत्री इंदिरा गाँधी को उनके दो सुरक्षाकर्मियों ने गोलियों से भूनकर उनकी हत्या कर दी थी. दोनों सुरक्षाकर्मी सिख थे. इसके बाद सिख विरोधी दंगे भड़के. इंडियन एक्सप्रेस के संवाददाता राहुल बेदी त्रिलोकपुरी के ब्लॉक 32 के उस भयावह दृश्य की कहानी सुनाते हुए बताते हैं कि ढ़ाई सौ गज लंबी गली में लोगों की लाशें और कटे हुए अंग बिखरे पड़े थे. चलना भी दूभर हो रहा था. पैर रखने तक की जगह नहीं थी. औरतों और बच्चों तक को नहीं छोड़ा गया था. करीब 320 लोगों की नृशंस हत्या हुई थी. कानपुर में भी दंगों के दौरान 127 सिखों की हत्या कर दी गई थी. एक अनुमान के अनुसार करीब 5000 लोगों की हत्याएं हुई जिनमें 2000 तो अकेले दिल्ली में मारे गए थे.

1971 में महावीर चक्र से सम्मानित हो चुके कैप्टन मनमोहन वीर सिंह तलवार के घर को चारों तरफ से घेर कर आग लगा दी गयी थी. आज भी वह इस घटना को याद करके कहते हैं; “पुराने घाव मत कुरेदिए”‘. दंगों के पीड़ित जसवीर सिंह बताते हैं कि यमुना पार शाहदरा में रह रहे उनके संयुक्त परिवार के 26 लोगों का क़त्ल कर दिया गया. बच्चों के सिर से बाप का साया उठ गया. कोई ज़ेबकतरा बन गया, किसी को स्मैक की लत लग गई. पुलिस की भूमिका पर भी सवाल उठे. सिखों की तरफ से लड़ने वाले हरविंदर सिंह फुल्का बताते हैं कि पुलिस ने सिखों को बचाने के बजाय उनके खिलाफ ही कार्यवाही की थी. कल्याणपुरी थाने में तक़रीबन 600 लोगों को मारा गया. पहली नवंबर को ज़्यादातर क़त्लेआम हुआ. पुलिस ने वहाँ 25 लोगों को हिरासत में लिया और सभी लोग सिख थे. पुलिस द्वारा सिखों को पकड़कर भीड़ के हवाले करने की भी बात भी आई थी. कई दंगाई बाद में संसद भी पहुंचे और बड़े नेता बने. अधिक जानकारी के लिए फुल्का की किताब ‘व्हेन ए ट्री शुक डेल्ही’ पढ़ें.

पूरा देश शांति के लिए देश के तत्कालीन नये नेतृत्व की तरफ देख रहा था. लेकिन सरकारी मशीनरी निष्क्रिय रही और पुलिस लापरवाह. आग में घी का काम किया उस बयान ने जिसमें कहा गया कि जब भी कोई बड़ा पेड़ गिरता है तो धरती थोड़ी हिलती है. यह बयान न सिर्फ संवेदनहीन था बल्कि इससे दंगा पीड़ितों की मुसाबतें बढ़ीं और दंगाईयों का हौंसला भी बुलंद हुआ. आगे जो हुआ वह कलंक का इतिहास है.

देश की सिख बिरादरी सरकार से जवाब चाहती थी, दंगों के लिए माफी और उस पर न्याय चाहती थी.  साल दर साल बीतते रहे. 21 साल बाद 2005 में नानावटी कमीशन की रिपोर्ट (जिसमें कांग्रेसी नेता जगदीश टाइटलर का नाम था) पर संसद में चर्चा के दौरान मनमोहन सिंह ने माफी माँगी और कहा कि जो कुछ हुआ, उससे उनका सिर शर्म से झुक जाता है. माफी तो आ गई लेकिन न्याय के लिए 34 साल लंबा इंतजार करना पड़ा. परंतु यह सवाल तो जस का तस बना ही रहेगा कि न्याय मिलने का सिलसिला 34 साल क्यों चला.

1984 में सिख विरोधी दंगों के मामले में दिल्ली की पटियाला हाउस कोर्ट ने कुछ दिन पहले बड़ा फैसला सुनाया था जिसमें महिपालपुर में दो सिख युवकों को मारने के अपराध में मुजरिम यशपाल सिंह को मौत की सज़ा सुनाई गयी थी. वहीं दूसरे आरोपी नरेश सेहरावत को उम्रक़ैद की सज़ा सुनाई गयी थी. यह पहला मामला था जब 1984 दंगों के मामले में किसी को कोर्ट ने मौत की सजा सुनाई हो. दोनों पर 35 लाख का जुर्माना भी लगा. आज सज्जन कुमार को दिल्ली हाइकोर्ट ने दोषी ठहराते हुए अपने आदेश में सख्त टिप्पणी की है. हाइकोर्ट ने कहा;”1947 की गर्मियों में विभाजन के दौरान बहुत सारे लोगों का कत्लेआम किया गया था. उसके ठीक 37 साल बाद दिल्ली फिर वैसी ही त्रासदी की गवाह बनी. आरोपी को राजनीतिक लाभ मिला और वह ट्रायल से बचता रहा.” 

यह टिप्पणी काफी कुछ कहती है. यह आम धारणा है कि यह दंगे सुनियोजित थे. यह सुखद है कि 34 साल बाद ही सही पर सिखों को न्याय मिलना आरम्भ हुआ है. परंतु यह देश के लिए सोचने का विषय है कि 34 साल क्यों लग गए. न्याय में देरी न्याय को नकारने का ही एक नाम है. अन्याय किसने किया और न्याय की प्रक्रिया इतनी धीमी क्यों रही, इस पर अधिक ब्रेन स्टॉर्मिंग की आवश्यकता नहीं. कोर्ट की टिप्पणी से ही यह साफ हो गया है. सांत्वना बस इतनी है कि न्याय मिलना आरम्भ तो हुआ.

 

Pic Credit (@Reuters)

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